by what name the french parliament was famous at the time of french revolution

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National Assembly (French Revolution)

National Assembly (French Revolution)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with the National Assembly of France, the lower house of the Parliament of the French Fifth Republic.

This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.

National Assembly Assemblée nationale Kingdom of France

Mirabeau's defiance in front of the marquis de Dreux-Brézé on 23 June 1789

Type Type Unicameral History

Established 20 June 1789

Disbanded 30 September 1791

Preceded by Estates-General of 1789

Succeeded by National Constituent Assembly

During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: ), which existed from 17 June 1789 to 29 September 1791,[1] was a revolutionary assembly of the Kingdom of France formed by the representatives of the Third Estate (commoners) of the Estates-General. Thereafter (until replaced by the Legislative Assembly on 30 Sept 1791), it was known as the National Constituent Assembly (), although the shorter form was favored.

Background[edit]

Main article: Estates-General of 1789

The Estates-General had been called on 5 May 1789 to manage France's financial crisis, but promptly fell to squabbling over its own structure. Its members had been elected to represent the estates of the realm: the 1st Estate (the clergy), the 2nd Estate (the nobility) and the 3rd Estate (which, in theory, represented all of the commoners and, in practice, represented the bourgeoisie). The Third Estate had been granted "double representation"—that is, twice as many delegates as each of the other feudal estates—but at the opening session on 5 May 1789 was informed that all voting would be "by power" not "by head", so the double representation would be meaningless in terms of power. They refused this and proceeded to meet separately.[2][3]

Shuttle diplomacy among the estates continued without success until 27 May; on 28 May, the representatives of the 3rd Estate began to meet on their own,[3] calling themselves the ("Commons") and proceeding with their "verification of powers" independently of the other bodies; from 13 June to 17 June they were gradually joined by some of the nobles and the majority of the clergy as well as other people such as the peasants. On 17 June this group began to call itself the National Assembly.[]

The King resists[edit]

Jacques Necker, finance minister of Louis XVI, had earlier proposed that the king hold a (Royal Session) in an attempt to reconcile the divided Estates. The king agreed; but none of the three orders were formally notified of the decision to hold a Royal Session. All debates were to be put on hold until the took place.[4]

Events soon overtook Necker's complex scheme of giving in to the on some points while holding firm on others. No longer interested in Necker's advice, Louis XVI, under the influence of the courtiers of his privy council, resolved to go in state to the Assembly, annul its decrees, command the separation of the orders, and dictate the reforms to be effected by the restored Estates-General. On 19 June he ordered the Salle des États, the hall where the National Assembly met, closed, and remained at Marly for several days while he prepared his address.[5]

Confrontation and recognition[edit]

Two days later, also deprived of use of the tennis court that they had been using as an improvised meeting place, the National Assembly met in the Church of Saint Louis, where the majority of the representatives of the clergy joined them: efforts to restore the old order had served only to accelerate events. When, on 23 June in accord with his plan, the king finally addressed the representatives of all three estates, he encountered a stony silence. He concluded by ordering all to disperse. The nobles and clergy obeyed; the deputies of the common people remained seated in a silence finally broken by Mirabeau, whose speech culminated, "A military force surrounds the assembly! Where are the enemies of the nation? Is Catiline at our gates? I demand, investing yourselves with your dignity, with your legislative power, you inclose yourselves within the religion of your oath. It does not permit you to separate till you have formed a constitution." The deputies stood firm.[3]

Necker, conspicuous by his absence from the royal party on that day, found himself in disgrace with Louis, but back in the good graces of the National Assembly. Those of the clergy who had joined the Assembly at the church of Saint Louis remained in the Assembly; forty-seven members of the nobility, including the Duke of Orléans, soon joined them; by 27 June the royal party had overtly given in, although the likelihood of a military counter-coup remained in the air. The French military began to arrive in large numbers around Paris and Versailles.[]

Royal session of 23 June 1789[edit]

In the of 23 June the King granted a , a constitution granted of the royal favour, which affirmed, subject to the traditional limitations, the right of separate deliberation for the three orders, which constitutionally formed three chambers. This move failed; soon that part of the deputies of the nobles who still stood apart, joined the National Assembly at the request of the king. The Estates-General had ceased to exist, having become the National Assembly (and after 9 July 1789, the National Constituent Assembly), though these bodies consisted of the same deputies elected by the separate orders.[]

स्रोत : en.wikipedia.org

During the French Revolution the Parliament of France was known as _____.A. General AssemblyB. Diet C. DumaD. National Assembly

During the French Revolution the Parliament of France was known as _____.A. General AssemblyB. Diet C. DumaD. National Assembly . Ans: Hint: French Revolution was an event which brought many reformative and modern values into the world. Dated from 1...

During the French Revolution the Parliament of France was known as _____.

A. General Assembly B. Diet C. Duma

D. National Assembly

Last updated date: 17th Mar 2023

• Total views: 243k • Views today: 5.23k Answer Verified 243k+ views 1 likes

Hint: French Revolution was an event which brought many reformative and modern values into the world. Dated from 1789 to 1799, the ideals of liberty, fraternity and equality were born out of this revolution and are considered the backbone of modern-day democracies.Complete answer: The parliament during the French Revolution was formed by the people of the Third Estate who sought proportional representation in the assembly of King Louis XVI walked out of their meeting and assembled themselves into a parliament, which they called the National Assembly.

Looking at the other options;

Option A- General Assembly is a principal body of the United Nations which has the function of deliberative policy making. It is an international organisation. So this is an incorrect option.

Option B- Diet was the legislature of Japan under Imperial rule from 1889 to 1947. Thus, this option is incorrect.

Option C- Duma is one of the chambers of the Russian Federal Assembly. So this is also an incorrect option.

Option D- National Assembly is the name of the parliament that was formed during the French Revolution by the Third Estate. Thus, this option is correct.

So, the correct answer is option (D).Note: The Legislative Assembly, also called the National Constituent Assembly, was formed in 1791. This assembly was also shortly overtaken by Napoleon during the reign of terror but was the one which replaced the National Assembly of the French Revolution.

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Pierre

National Assembly, French Assemblée Nationale, any of various historical French parliaments or houses of parliament. From June 17 to July 9, 1789, it was the name of the revolutionary assembly formed by representatives of the Third Estate; thereafter (until replaced by the Legislative Assembly on Sept. 30, 1791) its formal name was National Constituent Assembly (Assemblée Nationale Constituante), though popularly the shorter form persisted. The name was not used again until the National Assembly of 1871–75, which concluded the Franco-German War and drafted the constitution of 1875. During the ensuing Third Republic (1875–1940), it was the joint name for the

National Assembly

historical French parliament

Alternate titles: Assemblée Nationale, Assemblée Nationale Constituante, National Constituent Assembly

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Article History

National Assembly, French Assemblée Nationale, any of various historical French parliaments or houses of parliament. From June 17 to July 9, 1789, it was the name of the revolutionary assembly formed by representatives of the Third Estate; thereafter (until replaced by the Legislative Assembly on Sept. 30, 1791) its formal name was National Constituent Assembly (Assemblée Nationale Constituante), though popularly the shorter form persisted.

The name was not used again until the National Assembly of 1871–75, which concluded the Franco-German War and drafted the constitution of 1875. During the ensuing Third Republic (1875–1940), it was the joint name for the two houses of parliament, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. During the Fourth Republic (1946–58), it was the new name of the lower house alone (the former Chamber of Deputies)—the name of the upper house (the former Senate) being changed to the Council of the Republic. For the Fifth Republic (beginning in 1958), the name National Assembly was retained for the lower house, and the upper house reverted to the name of Senate.

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France: Parliamentary composition and functions

Popularly, the name National Assembly has often been used when referring to any constituent assembly (assemblée constituante)—not only the National Constituent Assembly of the Revolution but also the Constituent Assembly of 1848 (which created the Second Republic) and the Constituent Assembly of 1945–46 (which created the Fourth Republic).

Pierre-Antoine Berryer

Pierre-Antoine Berryer

French lawyer and politician

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Article History

Born: January 4, 1790 Paris France

Died: November 29, 1868 (aged 78) France

Title / Office: National Assembly (1848-1851), France Chamber of Deputies (1830-1848), France

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Pierre-Antoine Berryer, (born Jan. 4, 1790, Paris, France—died Nov. 29, 1868, Augerville), French lawyer and politician, defender of the freedom of the press during the reigns of King Louis-Philippe and Napoleon III.

Called to the bar in 1811, Berryer wrote articles supporting monarchy and the papal powers of Roman Catholicism. He defended infringers of the monarchy’s press laws and won the acquittal of the liberal Roman Catholic cleric Hugues-Félicité-Robert de Lamennais in 1826. Elected to the Chamber of Deputies in January 1830, he remained one of the sole representatives of Roman Catholic royalism after the July Revolution and opposed the election of a new king, universal suffrage, and the banishing of Charles X. In 1832 he attempted unsuccessfully to dissuade the Duchess de Berry from her attempted uprising to place on the throne her son, Henri, Count de Chambord, the legitimist candidate.

Berryer defended Louis-Napoleon (later Napoleon III) after his attempted coup (1840). Berryer’s support of religious liberty and of the pretender Count de Chambord brought him into opposition with the leader of the left centrists, Adolphe Thiers. After the Revolution of 1848, he served in the Constituent Assembly seeking unity among royalist factions. Despite his previous defense of Louis-Napoleon, he opposed his coup d’état in 1851, which led to the Second Empire, and Berryer was briefly imprisoned. He returned to his law practice, was elected to the French Academy in 1855, and in 1863 was elected to the Legislative Assembly as an adversary of the empire.

Maurice Couve de Murville

prime minister of France

Alternate titles: Jacques Maurice Couve de Murville

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2023 • Article History

Couve de Murville, Maurice

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Born: January 24, 1907 Reims France

Died: December 24, 1999 (aged 92) Paris France

Title / Office: National Assembly (1968-1986), France prime minister (1968-1969), France foreign minister (1958-1968), France

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Maurice Couve de Murville, in full Jacques Maurice Couve de Murville, (born January 24, 1907, Reims, France—died December 24, 1999, Paris), French diplomat and economist who served a record term as foreign minister (1958–68). Known for his cool, competent professionalism in foreign affairs and finance, Couve de Murville was considered the consummate civil servant.

Born into a prosperous French Protestant family, Couve de Murville studied law, literature, and political science in Paris. He then joined the corps of finance inspectors (1930) and in 1940 became director of external finance in the Ministry of Finance. Although he initially served in the cabinet of Philippe Pétain and Pierre Laval (1940), he soon joined General Henri Giraud in Algiers and became commissioner of finance in the Free French government under Charles de Gaulle (1943).

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