carbon dioxide released in the generation of electricity from which of the following?

get carbon dioxide released in the generation of electricity from which of the following? from screen.

Carbon Dioxide Emissions From Electricity

Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions) associated with electricity generation.

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Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Sources of greenhouse gas emissions, inculding electricity production, tranportation, industry, agriculture, and forestry.

Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Overview Electric Power Transportation Industry

Commercial/Residential

Agriculture Land Use/Forestry

Overview

Total Emissions in 2020 = 5,981 Million Metric Tons of CO2 equivalent. Percentages may not add up to 100% due to independent rounding.

* Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry in the United States is a net sink and removes approximately 13% of these greenhouse gas emissions. This net sink is not shown in the above diagram. All emission estimates from the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2020.

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Greenhouse gases trap heat and make the planet warmer. Human activities are responsible for almost all of the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the last 150 years.1 The largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in the United States is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation.

EPA tracks total U.S. emissions by publishing the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. This annual report estimates the total national greenhouse gas emissions and removals associated with human activities across the United States.

The primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States are:

Transportation (27% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – The transportation sector generates the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions from transportation primarily come from burning fossil fuel for our cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes. Over 90% of the fuel used for transportation is petroleum based, which includes primarily gasoline and diesel.2

Electricity production (25% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – Electric power generates the second largest share of greenhouse gas emissions. Approximately 60% of our electricity comes from burning fossil fuels, mostly coal and natural gas.3

Industry (24% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials.

Commercial and Residential (13% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – Greenhouse gas emissions from businesses and homes arise primarily from fossil fuels burned for heat, the use of certain products that contain greenhouse gases, and the handling of waste.

Agriculture (11% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture come from livestock such as cows, agricultural soils, and rice production.

Land Use and Forestry (13% of 2020 greenhouse gas emissions) – Land areas can act as a sink (absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere) or a source of greenhouse gas emissions. In the United States, since 1990, managed forests and other lands are a net sink, i.e., they have absorbed more CO2 from the atmosphere than they emit.

Emissions and Trends

Since 1990, gross U.S. greenhouse gas emissions have decreased by 7%. From year to year, emissions can rise and fall due to changes in the economy, the price of fuel, and other factors. In 2020, U.S. greenhouse gas emissions decreased 11% compared to 2019 levels. The sharp decline in emissions was primarily from CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and was largely due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic-related reductions in travel and economic activity, including a 13% decrease in transportation emissions driven by less travel due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Electric power sector emissions decreased 10% due to a slight decrease in electricity demand from the COVID-19 pandemic and a continued shift from coal to less carbon-intensive natural gas and renewables.

Note: All emission estimates from the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2020.

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References

IPCC (2007). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.

IPCC (2007). Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. (PDF)(863 pp, 24MB)Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.

U.S. Energy Information Administration (2019). Electricity Explained - Basics

Electric Power Sector Emissions

Total Emissions in 2020 = 5,981 Million Metric Tons of CO2 equivalent. Percentages may not add up to 100% due to independent rounding.

* Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry in the United States is a net sink and removes approximately 13% of these greenhouse gas emissions. This net sink is not shown in the above diagram. All emission estimates from the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2020.

स्रोत : www.epa.gov

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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How much carbon dioxide is produced per kilowatthour of U.S. electricity generation?

In 2021, total annual U.S. electricity net generation by utility-scale electric power plants (plants with at least one megawatt of electric generation capacity) of about 4.11 trillion kilowatthours (kWh) from all energy sources resulted in the emission of about 1.65 billion metric tons—1.82 billion short tons—of carbon dioxide (CO2). This equaled about 0.855 pounds of CO2 emissions per kWh.

Emissions from electricity generation vary by type of fuel/energy source and by type and efficiency of electric power plants. The amount of CO2 produced per kWh during any period of time will vary according to the sources of electricity supplied to the electric power grid during that time. Therefore, electricity-related CO2 emissions and CO2 emission factors will vary hourly, daily, monthly, and annually. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) publishes CO2 emissions estimates related to electricity generation on a monthly and annual basis.

In 2021, utility-scale electric power plants that burned coal, natural gas, and petroleum fuels were the source of about 61% of total annual U.S. utility-scale electricity net generation, but they accounted for 99% of U.S. CO2 emissions associated with utility-scale electric power generation. The other 1% of CO2 emissions were from other fuels and gases derived from fossil fuels and some types of geothermal power plants. EIA considers electricity generation from biomass, hydro, solar, and wind to be carbon neutral.

The table below presents data on total annual electricity net generation and CO2 emissions at utility-scale electric power plants and a CO2 emission factor (pounds of CO2/kWh) for coal, natural gas, and petroleum. Actual CO2 emissions per KWh from specific power plants may vary considerably from the factors in the table.

U.S. electricity net generation and resulting CO2 emissions by fuel in 2021

Electricity generation CO2 emissions

million kWh million metric tons million short tons pounds per kWh

Coal 897,885   919 1,013 2.26

Natural gas 1,579,361   696   767 0.97

Petroleum 19,176     21     23

2.44

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Electricity Profiles, U.S. Profile, Table 5 (net generation) and 7 (emissions).

Note: Data are for utility-scale electric power plants, including combined heat and power plants.

EIA publishes annual CO2 emissions and average annual CO2 emissions factors related to total electricity generation by the electric power industry in the United States and in each state in the State Electricity Profiles. In each profile, Table 1 has the CO2 emissions and emission factor for the most recent year available, and Table 7 has historical annual emissions and emissions factors back to 1990. To find Table 7, see the link under Table 1 for Full data tables 1-17. The factors are in pounds of CO2 per megawatthour (MWh). Divide the factors by 1,000 to convert the factor to pounds per kWh.

There are more state-level data on electricity-related CO2 emissions and electricity generation by type of electricity producer and by fuel/energy source in state-level electricity data files (xls).

U.S. Electric Power Industry Estimated Emissions by State includes estimates for CO2 emissions by type of energy source in metric tons. You can convert metric tons to short tons by multiplying the number of metric tons by 1.1. Multiply the result by 2,000 to convert to pounds.

Net Generation by State by Type of Producer by Energy Source data are in MWh. Multiply by 1,000 to convert to kWh.

Learn more:

How much coal, natural gas, or petroleum is used to generate a kilowatthour of electricity?

What are the greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions factors for fuels and electricity?

What is the efficiency of different types of power plants?

Does EIA have data on each power plant in the United States?

Where greenhouse gases come from

Last updated November 25, 2022, with most recent data available at the time of update.

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