list the criteria for a molecule that act as a genetic material
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List the criteria a molecule that can act as genetic material must fulfill. Which one of the criteria are best fulfilled by DNA or by RNA thus making one of them a better genetic material than the other?
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Question
List the criteria a molecule that can act as genetic material must fulfill. Which one of the criteria are best fulfilled by DNA or by RNA thus making one of them a better genetic material than the other?
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Updated on : 2022-09-05
Solution Verified by Toppr
Criteria for a molecule to act as the genetic material:
1) Replication: The molecule should be able to duplicate its genetic material by faithful replication. This property is shown by both DNA and RNA. Proteins and other molecules present in living being do not exhibit this property.
2) Stability: Stability of genetic material should exist. It should not change its structure easily with changed stages of life, the age of physiology of living beings. RNA is liable and easily degradable due to the presence of 2’—OH group present in each nucleotide. As RNA is catalytic, it has become reactive. Because DNA is more stable than RNA, it is said to be the better genetic material. Presence of thymine instead of uracil is another reason which leads to the stability of DNA.
3) Mutation: Genetic material should be able to undergo mutation and such a change should be stably inherited. Both nucleic acids DNA and RNA have the capacity to mutate. RNA mutates at a faster rate as compared with DNA. Virus with RNA genome show mutation and evolution at a faster rate and thus has a shorter life span.
4) Genetic expression: RNA expresses easily the characters in the form of proteins. DNA requires RNA for the formation of proteins. DNA is more stable is considered better than RNA for storage of genetic information. However, for transmission of genetic characters, RNA gives better results.
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State the 4 criteria which a molecule must fulfill to act as a genetic material.
(i) It should be able to generate its replica. (ii) It Should be chemically and structurally stable. (iii) It Should be able to express itself in the form of Mendelian characters. (iv) It Should provide the scope for slow changes (mutations)that are necessary for evolution.
State the 4 criteria which a molecule must fulfill to act as a genetic material.
Updated On: 27-06-2022
Text Solution Solution
(i) It should be able to generate its replica.
(ii) It Should be chemically and structurally stable.
(iii) It Should be able to express itself in the form of Mendelian characters.
(iv) It Should provide the scope for slow changes (mutations)that are necessary for evolution.
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List the criteria a molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill. Which one of the criteria is best fulfilled by DNA or RNA thus making one of them better genetic material than the other.
List the criteria a molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill. Which one of the criteria is best fulfilled by DNA or RNA thus making one of them better genetic material than the other.. Ans: Hint: DNA and RNA are considered genetic mat...
List the criteria a molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill. Which one of the criteria is best fulfilled by DNA or RNA thus making one of them better genetic material than the other.
Last updated date: 17th Mar 2023
• Total views: 257.1k • Views today: 6.37k Answer Verified 257.1k+ views 1 likes
Hint: DNA and RNA are considered genetic matter. DNA is the genetic material present in the eukaryotic (animal and plant) cell nucleus and the prokaryotic cell cytoplasm (bacteria) that defines the organism's composition.Complete Answer:Basic criteria for genetic material ( i.e., the material that decides the functional organism's inherited characteristics):
- It has got to be stable.
- When required, it must be capable of being articulated.
- It needs to be capable of precise replication.
- It must be passed without alteration from parent to progeny.
Criteria for the role of a molecule as a genetic material:1. Replication: The molecule should be able, by faithful replication, to replicate its genetic material. Both DNA and RNA display this property. This property is not demonstrated by proteins and other molecules found in living beings.
2. Stability: Genetic material stability should occur. With changed stages of life, the physiological age of living beings, it does not change its structure easily. Due to the presence of the 2'-OH group present in each nucleotide, RNA is responsible and readily degradable. It has become reactive, as RNA is catalytic. Since DNA is more stable than RNA, better genetic materials are said to be better. Presence of thymine instead of uracil is another explanation which leads to stability of DNA.
3. Mutation: It should be possible for genetic material to undergo mutation and this alteration should be inherited in a stable manner. Both DNA and RNA nucleic acids have the ability to mutate. Compared with DNA, RNA mutates at a faster rate. RNA genome viruses demonstrate mutation and adaptation at a faster rate and therefore have a shorter lifespan.
4. Genetic expression: RNA, in the form of proteins, quickly expresses characters. DNA requires RNA for protein formation. For genetic information storage, DNA being more stable is considered better than RNA. RNA provides better outcomes, however, for the transmission of genetic characters.
Note: DNA (genetic material) in a cell contains the instructions required to grow, survive and replicate an organism. DNA sequences must be translated into RNA to perform these functions, which produces proteins in a ribosome, which are the complex molecules that do much of the work in our bodies.
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