plant cells are bombarded with high velocity microparticles of gold or tungsten coated with dna in a method known as
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Biolistic Transformation
Biolistic Transformation
Biolistic transformation enables the direct introduction of DNA or RNA into plant cells.
From: Mucosal Vaccines (Second Edition), 2020
Related terms:
PlasmidsElectroporationGene TransferTransgenic PlantProtoplastTransgenePlant CellAgrobacteriumChloroplast
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Gene Editing in Plants
Nicholas J. Baltes, ... Daniel F. Voytas, in Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, 2017
5.3 Biolistics
Biolistics, or particle bombardment, is a common method for nuclear plant transformation, and for transformations that require DNA to be delivered to chloroplasts and mitochondria. Biolistics is based on the direct delivery of DNA into plant cells using gold or tungsten particles.80 The gold or tungsten particles are coated with DNA which are shot at plant tissue at high velocity and can become lodged inside plant cells. Once inside the cell, the DNA elutes off the particles and becomes transiently expressed or stably integrates into the host genome. The physical delivery of DNA to cells circumvents host-range limitations, as is sometimes encountered with Agrobacterium. Biolistics has been employed to successfully deliver genome-editing reagents in multiple crop plants, including corn, cotton, soybean, and wheat.22,25,28,58,81
Advantages of biolistics include: (i) many different tissues and cell types can be transformed, (ii) no binary vector is required, (iii) it is possible to deliver multiple plasmids with high frequencies of cotransformation, (iv) the transformation protocol is simple, (v) large DNA fragments can be delivered, and (vi) the system can be adapted to deliver mRNA or protein.40,82 Disadvantages include: (i) messy integration patterns, (ii) relatively low throughput, (iii) high input cost, and (iv) the cellular target cannot be controlled (i.e., cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, or plastid).
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Classical and Nonclassical Techniques for Secondary Metabolite Production in Plant Cell Culture
Saurabh Bhatia, Tanmoy Bera, in Modern Applications of Plant Biotechnology in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
7.3.5.6 Biolistics
Biolistics including particle bombardment is a commonly used method for genetic transformation of plants when either cells/tissues or intracellular organelles are impermeable to foreign DNA. The plant cell wall is usually impermeable to foreign DNA. Utilization of the gene gun method has shown better results against the various barriers that hinder the delivery of foreign DNA inside the organelle/cell/tissue. Gene transfer through a gene gun is part of the biolistic method. During this method DNA or RNA construct adheres to biological inert particles (such as gold or tungsten) to form a DNA/particle complex. The DNA/particle complex is bombarded on a targeted tissue in a vacuum. This bombardment is achieved by accelerating a powerful shot to the targeted tissue. The high density of the DNA/particle complex increases the bombardment speed toward the targeted tissue, which may result in effective transformation. Only inert metal particles can be bombarded through a solution containing DNA surrounding the cell. Such a complex once formed is directly transferred to the plant cell (Fig. 7.12).
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Plant-Based Mucosal Vaccine Delivery Systems
Tatsuhiko Azegami, ... Hiroshi Kiyono, in Mucosal Vaccines (Second Edition), 2020
A Biolistic Method for Stable Transformation
Biolistic transformation enables the direct introduction of DNA or RNA into plant cells. In this method, a foreign DNA or RNA construct is coated onto gold or tungsten particles. The particles are released from a gene gun by high-pressure helium gas and directly penetrate the host cell wall [22]. For example, biolistic bombardment with a gene encoding an antigen of Bacillus anthracis, which causes the deadly disease anthrax, into chloroplasts of tobacco-produced transgenic tobacco leaves [23] in which the antigen constituted up to 14.2% of total soluble proteins. Mice subcutaneously immunized with this antigen were completely protected against a lethal challenge of anthrax toxin [23]. The advantages of the biolistic method are that a variety of plants can be transformed, no vector is required, and the protocol is simple [24]. The disadvantages include that DNA integrates randomly into plant cells (e.g., messy integration pattern, uncontrolled cellular target), the gene gun is expensive, and the plant may be subjected to severe tissue damage [24].
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Biolistic and other non-Agrobacterium technologies of plant transformation
Tracie K. Matsumoto, Dennis Gonsalves, in Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture, 2012
Advantages of Biolistic Transformation
Biolistics, as mentioned earlier, is a physical method of accelerating DNA into the plant tissue that is not dependent on host specificity or species limitation such as with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Until the advent of biolistic technologies, transformation of important agronomic crops such as maize (Klein et al., 1988a), soybean (Christou et al., 1988, 1989; Christou, 1990), and cotton (McCabe and Christou, 1993) were not attainable.
Diverse cell types can be transformed with biolistics, whereas embryogenic callus is often preferable, and organized tissues such as embryos or meristems can successfully be transformed (Christou, 1996). This reduces the potential somaclonal variation that arises during tissue culture. Transformation of organized tissue also allows regeneration of genotypes that may be recalcitrant to plant regeneration from callus, such as in the case of cotton (McCabe and Martinell, 1993). In addition to being used as a sole transformation protocol for some plant species, biolistics has also been used to wound sunflower meristems prior to Agrobacterium infection to improve transformation efficiency (Bidney et al., 1992).
The technique of bombarding plant cells with high velocity micro particles of gold or tungsten, coated with DNA, is
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Question
The technique of bombarding plant cells with high velocity micro particles of gold or tungsten, coated with DNA, is
AMicroinjection
BBiolistic method
CHeat shock method
DBy disarmed pathogen vector
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Updated on : 2022-09-05
Solution Verified by Toppr
Correct option is B)
Biolistic or gene gun method is used for bombarding gold or tungsten coated with DNA into a plant cell
So, the correct answer is 'Biolistic or gene gun method'
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Read the following statements and choose the most appropriate option.I. A are bombarded with high velocity micro particles of B coated with DNA in a method known as biolistics. II. Recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell in the method called asC.
Read the following statements and choose the most appropriate option.I. A are bombarded with high velocity micro particles of B coated with DNA in a method known as biolistics. II. Recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell in the method called asC.
Byju's Answer Standard VII Biology Fermenters Read the foll... Question
Read the following statements and choose the most appropriate option.
I. ____A____ are bombarded with high velocity micro-particles of ___B____ coated with DNA in a method known as biolistics.
II. Recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell in the method called as___C______.
A
A - Plant cells, B - gold, C - gene gun
B
A - Plant cells, B - gold/ aluminium , C - electroporation
C
A - Animal cells, B - aluminium/ tungsten, C - electroporation
D
A - Plant cells, B - gold/ tungsten, C - microinjection
Open in App Solution
The correct option is D A - Plant cells, B - gold/ tungsten, C - microinjection
Biolistics, microinjection and electroporation are methods of direct gene delivery into the host cells.
Biolistics/ gene gun - Plant cells are bombarded with high velocity micro-particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA. Gold or tungsten is used as they are inert/ non reactive in nature.
Microinjection - Recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell.
Electroporation - It uses electrical fields to destabilise the cell membrane for some time. This allows the entry of normally impermeable DNA into the cell.
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SIMILAR QUESTIONS
Q. Match the column: –Column I Column II
(i) Electroporation (p) Recombinant DNA is coated with lipid
(ii) Micro-injection (q) Tiny high velocity particles of tungsten or gold are coated with recombinant DNA
(iii) Lipofection (r) Cells are exposed to rapid pulse of high voltage
(iv) Particle Bombardments (s) Directly injected to the nucleus of animal cell through micro
Q. In biolistic method of gene transfer, the microparticles coated with foreign DNA are bombarded into target cells at a very high velocity. These microparticles are made up ofQ. Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option:(A) Source of the restriction enzyme Hind III is E.coli
(B) In biolistic method of gene transfer, mircoparticles made up of gold or tungsten are coated with foreign DNA
(C) Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used for animal cell
(D) Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA in PCR.
How many of the above statement are correct?
Q. Method in which recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of animals cell by using microneedles is called asQ. In which of the following method, foreign DNA is directly injected into a cell?View More RELATED VIDEOS
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