rajasthani school of miniature painting class 12 notes
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Art and Culture Class 12: The Rajasthani Schools of Painting (Some Famous Paintings and Texts)
Maru Ragini, Equestrian Portrait of Aniruddha Singh, Chaugan Players, Bani Thani, Some Famous Texts modelled in the Paintings etc.
The Rajasthani schools of painting were situated in the princely kingdoms and parts of current Madhya Pradesh like Kota, Mewar, Bundi, Jodhpur, and Malwa among others. During the 16th century, as a result of Vaishnavism spreading across the country, the Bhakti movement led people to idolise Lord Krishna through paintings, called the Gita Govinda paintings. The major symbolism was of the ever-famous love between Radha and Krishna. Rasikapriya, another famous painting, explored various emotional states like love, jealousy, anger, and separation among others.
Some Famous Paintings
Maru Ragini
A form of miniature painting of the ‘Ragamala’ series, Maru Ragini was painted by Sahibdin, a painter in the kingdom of Mewar
It depicts the story of prince Dhola, and princess Maru, who had to undergo numerous struggles to finally be together. They are shown eloping together on a camel
Equestrian Portrait of Aniruddha Singh
Painted by artist Tulchi Ram in 1680, the equestrian portrait of Aniruddha Singh is highly popular
It epitomises an artist’s perception of speed and a horse in motion that Aniruddha Singh accomplished
Chaugan Players
This painting depicts a princess playing Polo (Chaugan) with her companions
The painting is inscribed with a line on the upper portion that is translated as “beautiful maidens on horsebacks, playing”
It represents the Jodhpur painting of Man Singh’s reign
Visit to know about UPSC Exam PatternKrishna swinging and Radha in a sad mood
This particular painting was done in 1683 by artist Nuruddin, who worked in the court of Bikaner from 1674 to 1698
It depicts the annoyance of Radha caused by Krishna after seeing a Gopi waiting for him
Bani Thani
The Kishangarh province in Rajasthan is the origin of the Bani Thani paintings
Long necks, large, almond-shaped eyes, and long fingers are the features depicted in the painting
It depicts Radha and Krishna as divine lovers and portrays their mystical love
Themes include portraits, court scenes, dancing, hunting, music parties, nauka vihar (lovers travelling in a boat), Krishna Lila, Bhagavata Purana
The facial features of the paintings found in Kishangarh school are presumed to be derived from the attractively sharp features of Bani Thani.
Read about How to Prepare for UPSC without CoachingSome Famous Texts modelled in the Paintings
Gita Govinda
It was composed in the twelfth century by Jayadeva, who is believed to have been the court poet of Lakshmana Sen of Bengal
The ‘Song of the Cowherd’ is a lyrical poem in Sanskrit portraying the mystical love between Radha and Krishna through worldly images
Rasamanjari
It was composed in the fourteenth century by Bhanu Datta
It is also known as the ‘Bouquet of Delight’
It is a treatise on rasa and deals with the classification of heroes (nayakas) and heroines (nayikas) in accordance with their age – baal, taruna and praudha
Rasikapriya
It is translated as ‘The Connoisseur’s Delight’
It is composed by Keshav Das in Braj-bhasha, who was the court poet of Raja Madhukar Shah of Orchha in 1591
It explores various emotional states such as love, togetherness, jealousy, separation, and anger as mentioned before that are common between lovers represented through the characters of Radha and Krishna
Kavipriya
It is composed by Keshav Das in honour of Rai Parbin, a celebrated courtesan of Orchha
It illustrates the daily life of people in different seasons
Also see Tips for UPSC PreparationHighlights of Rajasthani paintings
This painting technique is profoundly rooted in Indian traditions
The cults of Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Sakti had a huge effect on this school’s pictorial art
The many Krishna cults offered a highly rich canvas for the painter, who made a great contribution to the development of Indian painting with his creative talent and commitment
The Rajasthani School of painting is distinguished by aggressive lines and vibrant, contrasting colours
Figures are shown flat, with little effort to depict perspective in a lifelike fashion
To distinguish one scene from another, the surface of the painting is sometimes split into many compartments of various colours
The Mughal influence may be noticed in the refinement of the drawing and the introduction of some realism in the people and trees
Apart from presenting events from the Ramayana and the regal lifestyle of kings and queens, they also showed societal ideals and the improvements implemented by monarchs for the welfare of society. The backdrop of the paintings was a distinguishing aspect of the Rajasthani School
This style of painting employed paper, ivory, and silk as its canvas
Conclusion
The Rajasthani School of painting is profoundly based in Indian traditions, drawing inspiration from Indian epics, religious books such as the Puranas, love poetry in Sanskrit and other Indian languages, Indian folklore, and musical themes.
Between the fifteenth and early nineteenth centuries, this style of painting had a strong effect in Rajasthan and portions of Madhya Pradesh, including Mewar, Bundi, Kota, Jaipur, Bikaner, Kishangarh, Jodhpur (Marwar), Malwa, Sirohi, and other princes.
Rajasthani School of Painting/ Rajput Paintings
The term 'Rajasthani Schools of Painting' refers to the schools of painting that flourished between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
Rajasthani School of Painting/ Rajput Paintings - Art and Culture Notes
Patil Amruta Mar 10, 2023
The term 'Rajasthani Schools of Painting' refers to the schools of painting that flourished between the sixteenth and early nineteenth centuries in the princely kingdoms and thickens of what is now roughly Rajasthan and parts of Madhya Pradesh, such as Mewar, Bundi, Kota, Jaipur, Bikaner, Kishangarh, Jodhpur (Marwar), Malwa, Sirohi, and other such principalities. This article will explain to you the concepts related to the Rajasthani School of Painting which will be helpful in Indian Art and Culture preparation for the UPSC Civil service exam.
Table of ContentsRajasthani School of Painting
Features Mewar school Kishangarh school Bundi school Amber-Jaipur School Marwar School Conclusion FAQs MCQs Rajasthani
Rajasthani School of Painting
Since the Rajputs were the main ruling class at the time and patronised most of the artists, the Rajasthani School of Painting is more or less synonymous with the Rajput School of Painting.
Rajput courts began to patronise painting in imitation of Mughal court practices. Furthermore, the presence of painters from the Mughal atelier in Bikaner, Jodhpur, or Kishangarh sowed the roots of local Rajput schools.
Others claim that the Deccan sultanates' flood of artists and artworks played a major impact. Others argue that local and indigenous artistic traditions existed before Mughal influence arrived in certain cities.
Rajasthani paintings are divided into various sub-genres, each of which is named for the princely state in which they were created.
Mewar schoolKishangarh schoolBundi schoolAmber-Jaipur SchoolMarwar SchoolOther Relevant Links
Prehistoric Paintings Mural Paintings in India
Ragamala Paintings Pahari School of Painting
Miniature Paintings in India Modern Indian Painting
Tribal painting of India Rajput painting
Features
Rajasthani School of Painting - Features
This painting technique has profound roots in Indian culture.
The cults of Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Sakti had a significant impact on this school's pictorial art.
The various Krishna cults provided a highly rich canvas for the painter, who made a great contribution to the development of Indian painting with his creative skill and commitment.
Bold lines and powerful, contrasting colors are hallmarks of the Rajasthani School of painting.Figures are shown flat, with little attempt to depict perspective in a naturalistic fashion.
To distinguish one scene from another, the painting's surface is sometimes divided into many compartments of different colors.
The influence of the Mughals can be observed in the refinement of drawing and the introduction of some naturalism in figures and trees.
Aside from displaying episodes from the Ramayana and the regal lifestyle of kings and queens, they also highlighted societal values and the improvements that monarchs made for the good of society. The Rajasthani School's paintings were distinguished by their backgrounds.
This school of painting used paper, ivory, and silk as its canvas.
Raasthani School of Paintings
Mewar
Mewar school of painting
Mewar monarchs appear to have patronized art, while the years of relative peace and prosperity saw an unprecedented efflorescence.The remarkable figure of Sahibdin dominates early Mewar paintings.
The Rasikapriya, the Ramayana, and the Bhagavata Purana are all shown by Sahibdin during this period of Mewari art.
The style of Mewar paintings shifted after Sahibdin's death. The majority of the paintings showed life in Mewar's courts.
The remarkable 'tamasha' paintings, which depict court rituals and city views in unprecedented detail, are a highlight of this period.
Mewar School of Painting
Kishangarh
Kishangarh school of painting
The most romantic legends - Sawant Singh and his lover Bani Thani – and the merging of life and mythology, romance and bhakti are all shown in Kishangarh's paintings.
They also painted a lot about Radha and Krishna's spiritual and romantic relationships.
Kishangarh School of Painting
Bundi
Bundi school of painting
Hadoti is the name given to the twin kingdoms of Bundi and Kota. The sister republics, which were founded by splitting the elder Bundi kingdom between two brothers, have histories and artistic traditions that are inextricably linked.The monarchs of Bundi and Kota have devoted Krishna believers, and in the 18th century, they declared themselves to be mere regents, ruling on behalf of the god who was the genuine king (similar worship patterns can also be seen in Udaipur and Jaipur).
Rajasthani School – CBSE Notes
Uniit -I Complete Description of Rajasthani School of miniature painting Origin and development, features, compositional arrangements of painting ,etc.
Rajasthani School
Origin And DevelopmentRajasthani school of miniature painting flourished between 16th to early 19th century in the principalities of Rajasthan. Dr. A coomarswami The great scholar of Indian Art History discovered this school and introduced it as Rajput school. Later this school was called Rajasthani school. Rajasthan is divided in to parts by the aravali parvat,on the west are the jodhpur ,Bikaner and Jaisalmer to the east Mewar ,Bubdi ,kishangarh and kota .first of all the painting started from Mewar to Bundi and other parts of state.
It was inspired and influenced by Jain manuscripts painting of Gujrat along with Indian traditional art. Krishna leela is the most popular theme in the Rajasthani school. these topic have been derived from the literary work of Surdas .Tulsidas ,Meera bai Keshav das and Bihari lal also from Bhagvat Puran Ramayna and Geet Govinda etc.
Earlier this style was inspired by Vaishnava religion at that time the followers of Ramanuj like ballabhachaarya chaitany mahaprabhu etc. Had reached this religion to the climax. Important illustrations of Ramayna and Mahabharat of this school are also founded. Besides this theme later on painting have been done on romance ,general folk themes .illustration on Ragmala ,Barhmasa and nayk -nayika bheda,etc.Mewar ,Bubdi jodhpur , Bikaner ,kishan gharh and Jaipur are the sab school of Rajasthani school of minture painting .
Sub Schools Features
Painting Description
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Notes Of Rajasthani school of miniature paintingOrigin and development
main features sub schools
Description of paintingsmaru ragini, (Radha) Bani Thani ,Raja Aniruddh Singh Heera, Chaugan Players ,Bharat Meets Rama at chitrkut and Krishna on Swing
गुरु और शिष्य
गुरु शब्द का सामान्य अर्थ “ भारी ” होता है अत : जो व्यक्ति ज्ञान अथवा अनुभव के क्षेत्र में हमसे भारी है वह गुरु बनने के लिए उपयुक्त है I
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