which electrical component protect the electric circuit in case of excess current and which can also be used as a switch
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Electrical safety devices
Electrical safety devices
Figure 1: A fuse box in a basement[1] is one type of electrical safety device.
Many of the energy services around the house use electricity. It is extremely important to have various safety devices to protect from fire and electrocution. Industrial electricity use has similar problems. This page examines these electrical safety devices. Namely, fuses, circuit breakers, and ground fault circuit interrupters. For more details, please go to the main articles.
Both fuses and circuit breakers are the connection point between the electrical grid and an individual house.
For more details please see connecting homes to the electrical grid.
Fuse
A fuse is an electrical safety device that has the capability to protect an electric circuit from excessive electric current. It is designed to allow current through the circuit, but in the event that the current exceeds some maximum value it will open, severing the circuit.
Circuit breaker
Figure 1: A circuit breaker box.[2]
Circuit breakers are devices that protect circuits from overload current conditions. They do the same job as fuses, but they are not destroyed when activated. They are more expensive to put in than fuses but since components rarely need to be replaced, it may be cheaper in the long term. Circuit breakers are often considered safer since the user can't as easily disable them (like putting the wrong size fuse in place).
Circuit breakers functionally open a switch which turns off all the electrical current before the excess electrical current can start a fire. Before resetting the circuit breaker, always turn off or unplug the electronic devices that were being used with the breaker was activated.
Ground fault circuit interrupt
Figure 1: A GFCI plug.[3]
A ground fault circuit interrupt is a device designed to detect a tiny mismatch in currents (going into and out of the circuit), in order to prevent electrocution. They are mandatory in bathrooms and kitchens, and anywhere else in a house where water may come in contact with an electric circuit.[4]
For Further Reading
For further information please see the related pages below:
Fuse Circuit breaker
Ground fault circuit interrupter
Connecting homes to the electrical grid
Or explore a random page!
References
↑ This picture contributed by someone on the energy education team.
↑ By BrokenSphere (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Eaton_circuit_breaker_panel_open.JPG
↑ Wikimedia Commons [Online], Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GFCIReceptacle.jpg
↑ R.T. Paynter, “Basic Electric Components and Meters,” in , 1rst ed. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2011, ch. 8, sec. 8.2, pp. 341-346.
Circuit breakers fundamentals
What are circuit breakers and how do they work? Discover how circuit breakers function, the main components of circuit breakers and how they differ from fuses. Get all of the fundamentals of circuit breakers.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Circuit breaker fundamentals
Circuit breaker fundamentals What is a circuit breaker
A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays detect a fault.
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Overcurrents, overloads or short circuits
Overcurrents
NEC defines and overcurrent as any current in excess of the rated current of equipment of the ampacity of a conductor. An over current is the result of an overload, short circuit, arc or ground fault. Effects of overcurrent include fires, conductor insulation damage and equipment damage.
Overloads
According to NEC, an overload is the operation of equipment in excess of normal, full-load rating, or of a conductor in excess of rated ampacity that, when it persists for a sufficient length of time would cause damage or dangerous overheating. An overload is NOT a short circuit, ground or arc fault.
Short Circuits
A short circuit is an overcurrent which greatly exceeds the normal full load current of the circuit. Also, as the name infers, a short circuit leaves the normal current carrying path of the circuit and takes a short-cut around the load and back to the power source. A short circuit is an overcurrent but not an overload.
Difference between fuses and circuit breakers
Common overcurrent protection devices (OCPDs) include circuit breakers and fuses. While the purpose of the fuses and circuit breakers is the same, there are fundamental differences, which are important to understand when making selections for protection of equipment and personnel.
Fuses
Must be replaced after it has interrupted an overcurrent event.
Has less initial cost
No maintenance required
Only opens on overcurrent events
No capability for optional protective features
Circuit breakers
May be reset after interrupting an overcurrent event
Has a higher initial cost
Requires maintenance
Optional protective features (i.e. ground fault)
Predict and stop power failures before they happen
The latest circuit breaker technology, which is built into Power Defense MCCBs, delivers predictive diagnostics that help you better uncover, diagnose and stop power outages before they happen.
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Circuit breaker parts
Although low and medium voltage circuit breakers have unique designs that are specific to amperage, voltage and application, there are five main parts or components that are universal across the different types of circuit breakers.
Five universal circuit breaker parts
Frame – Protects internal parts of the circuit breaker from outside materialsOperating mechanism – Provides a means of opening and closing the circuit breakerContacts – Allows the current to flow through the circuit breaker when closed.Arc extinguisher – Extinguishes an arc when the circuit breaker interrupts a fault.Trip unit – Opens the operating mechanism in the event of a prolonged overload or short circuit.
molded case circuit breaker with parts labeled
Which device is used to protect an electric circuit from excess current?
Answer (1 of 5): An electric circuit protection device is used to protect an electric circuit from excess current. These devices are engineered to give the best user experience with the best functionality and safety. The various devices that come under this vast banner are: * Fuse * A circuit ...
Which device is used to protect an electric circuit from excess current?
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Sort Enis Furkan Ucar
Ph.D. at Hacettepe University Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (2017–present)Author has 121 answers and 114K answer views4y
The most basic device for excessive current protector is “FUSE”.
The conductivity of conductors and their ability to carry ampere through them can vary with some parameters.
So fuse works this way. If excessive amount of ampere (charge per unit time) trying to go through fuse it will burn itself and do not let the excessive current pass to the citcuit.
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Peter John
B.E. in Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney (Graduated 1994)Author has 948 answers and 860K answer views4y
A fuse (passive)
Either single use (basically a piece of wire that melts),or
Resettable (e.g. a polyswitch)
A circuit breaker (active)
A dedicated (active) over-current sensing circuit that throttles or cuts off current if it exceeds a threshold
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AC Professor
Master HVAC Tech (2008–present)Upvoted by
Kenneth Lundgren
, B.S. Electrical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago - Illinois Tech (1963)3y
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What uses the most electricity in a home?
1. Air conditioner –in the summer can use up to 60% of electric bill
2. Water heater- many people do not realize that the monster that is hiding in the garage or closet can use $40-$60 a month.
3. Dryer and stove comes on number 3. It depends if you have small kids or cook a lot.
4. Heating( not electric)
5. Washer 6. Refrigerator 7. Desktop PC 8. Dishwasher 9. Lights. 10. TV 11. Chargers
Please give me some love and up vote. Thank you
Divyansh Joshi
Digital Marketing Manager (2016–present)Author has 66 answers and 198.4K answer views2y
An electric circuit protection device is used to protect an electric circuit from excess current. These devices are engineered to give the best user experience with the best functionality and safety. The various devices that come under this vast banner are:
Fuse A circuit breaker
ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker)
Earthing
For many years, I have observed that Honeywell is a global and trusted brand catering to several needs with respect to electric switches and electric circuit protection
devices. They provide a great variety of electric devices, switches, and sockets to provide a safe, secure, a
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Gary Novosielski
retired Physics teacherAuthor has 17.4K answers and 8.8M answer viewsUpdated 3y
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When there's more electricity supply than demand, what happens to the "extra" electricity in the power grid?
There is no extra electricity in the power grid.
A fact that surprises many people is that when a generator is supplying power it is hard to turn. Reduce the power demand by switching off some devices, and the generator becomes much easier to turn. It makes perfect sense, of course, but it still surprises people.
So, if power demand decreases, the generator would tend to speed up. But that can’t happen. The speed of the generators is rigidly synchronized with the power grid to be (in the US) exactly 60 Hz, so what happens is that the amount of steam to the turbine is reduced, keeping the generat
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Randall Scott
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The most common devices used for consumers in a way that they can be replaced (or modified) are called Fuses and Circuit Breakers. However, some electronic equipment are designed and manufactured using semiconductors and relays to provide this function as well, hopefully to trigger before any damage occurs.
Hope this helps.
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Chandramohan Panakkal
Former Amateur Astronomer for 40 Years.Author has 6.5K answers and 3.1M answer views4y
Guys, does anyone know the answer?