which of the following persons are eligible for the param vir chakra?
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Param Vir Chakra
Param Vir Chakra
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Param Vir Chakra (disambiguation).
Param Vir Chakra
Param Vir Chakra and its ribbon
Type Military award Country India
Presented by the President of India
Post-nominals PVC Status Active
Established 26 January 1950; 72 years ago
First awarded 3 November 1947[a]
Last awarded 7 July 1999
Total 21
Total awarded posthumously 14
Total recipients 21 Precedence
Equivalent Ashoka Chakra[b][3][4]
Next (lower) Padma Vibhushan[c]
The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India's highest military decoration, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime.[5][6] Param Vir Chakra translates as the "Wheel of the Ultimate Brave", and the award is granted for "most conspicuous bravery in the presence of the enemy". As of January 2018, the medal has been awarded 21 times, of which 14 were posthumous and 16 arose from actions in Indo-Pakistani conflicts.[7][8] Of the 21 awardees, 20 have been from the Indian Army, and one has been from the Indian Air Force. Major Somnath Sharma, was the first recipient. A number of state governments of India as well as ministries of the central government provide allowances and rewards to recipients of the PVC (or their family members in case of the recipient's death).
The history of present-day Indian gallantry awards can be traced back to the rule of the East India Company, when the first formal award was instituted by Lord William Bentinck in 1834 as the Order of Merit, later renamed the Indian Order of Merit in 1902. During the First World War, the British awards system was adopted and continued through the Second World War. Post-independence, new awards were instituted on 26 January 1950, with retroactive effect from 15 August 1947. The PVC is equivalent to the Victoria Cross in the United Kingdom and the Medal of Honor in the United States.
History
The history of modern-day Indian gallantry awards can be traced back to the rule of the East India Company. Gold medals were awarded to Indian officers for the first time in 1795, with the first recipient being Subedar Abdul Kader of the 5th Madras Native Infantry. The chain of the gold medal awarded to Kader was inscribed with the words "For Conduct and Courage on All Occasions". In 1834 the Order of Merit was established by the then Governor-General of India, Lord William Bentinck. The decoration was renamed the Indian Order of Merit (IOM) in 1902, and Indians considered it to be "the most coveted gallantry award" until the Victoria Cross (VC)—the highest award for gallantry in the British Empire—was extended to Indians in 1911.[9] The VC was awarded to 153 Indian and British soldiers of the British Indian Army, and civilians under its command, from 1857 until Indian independence in 1947.[10]
During the First World War, in addition to the IOM, the award system of the British Indian Army was expanded. Based on the British practice for recognising actions of gallantry, senior officers would be awarded the Distinguished Service Order, junior officers the Military Cross, and enlisted men with the Military Medal. This system continued through the Second World War.[11]
Post-independence, the British honours and awards system in India informally came to an end.[11] A short time later, Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru decided to give gallantry awards for the ongoing conflict in Jammu and Kashmir. Although India and Pakistan still had the option to award British honours, the leaders felt that it would not make sense to give the same honour to personnel from opposing forces. Accordingly, in June 1948 it was decided to institute new Indian awards for gallantry: the Param Vir Chakra (PVC), Maha Vir Chakra (MVC), and Vir Chakra (VrC).[12] After the PVC, the MVC and VrC are the second and third highest gallantry awards during wartime.[13]
Nehru entrusted the implementation of the PVC to Major General Hira Lal Atal, the first Indian adjutant general of India. He in turn requested Savitri Khanolkar, the wife of an Indian Army officer, Vikram Khanolkar of the Sikh Regiment, to design the medal for the PVC.[14][15] Coincidentally, the first PVC would be awarded to Major Somnath Sharma, the brother-in-law of Khanolkar's daughter.[16]
Despite gaining independence from British rule, India still remained a dominion of the United Kingdom. This meant that the Governor-General of India could not approve the establishment of the awards without assent from the British Crown. Therefore, a draft of the Royal Warrant was sent to London for approval by King George VI. However, by mid-1948 it became clear that the King's ratification would not be forthcoming for some time.[12] As author Ian Cardozo suggests: "How could the King sanction awards for a war between two members of the Commonwealth? Also, the King would have not even have been a symbolic presence on the awards."[12]
Therefore, the draft warrants to formally establish the new gallantry awards were not put into effect. On 1 January 1949, a ceasefire was implemented in Jammu and Kashmir, and as it was becoming too late to honour acts of heroism from the 1947–1948 Indo-Pakistani War, Nehru forwarded the draft warrants to Governor-General Chakravarti Rajagopalachari to "institute the awards as your own". But Rajagopalachari felt that, as India was still a dominion, it would be inappropriate for him to establish the awards without the King's approval.[12] He instead suggested to Nehru that, as India was to become a republic on 26 January 1950, it would be appropriate to announce the establishment of the awards on that date, but with retroactive effect from 15 August 1947.[17]
Param Vir Chakra
PARAM VIR CHAKRA Design of the Medal and Ribbon Instituted on 26 Jan 1950, to recognize the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. Medal: Circular in shape, made of bronze, one and three eighth inches in diameter and on obverse, four replicas of "Indra's […]
PARAM VIR CHAKRA
Design of the Medal and Ribbon
Instituted on 26 Jan 1950, to recognize the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy.
Medal: Circular in shape, made of bronze, one and three eighth inches in diameter and on obverse, four replicas of "Indra's Vajra" with the State Emblem (including the motto), embossed in the centre. On its reverse, it shall have embossed Param Vir Chakra both in Hindi and English with two lotus flowers between Hindi and English. The fitting will be swivel mounting.Ribbon: Plain purple coloured ribbon.Bar: If any recipient of the Chakra again performs such an act of bravery, as makes him or her eligible to receive the Chakra, such further act of bravery shall be recorded by a Bar to be attached to the riband by which the Chakra is suspended. For every Bar awarded, a replica of the "Indra's Vajra" in miniature shall be added to the riband when worn alone.Personnel Eligible: The following categories of personnel shall be eligible for the Chakra :-Officers, men and women of all ranks of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, of any of the Reserve Forces, of the Territorial Army, Militia and of any other lawfully constituted Armed Forces.
Matrons, Sisters, Nurses and the staff of the Nursing Services and other Services pertaining to Hospitals and Nursing and Civilians of either sex serving regularly or temporarily under the orders, directions or supervision of any of the above-mentioned Forces.
Conditions of Eligibility: The Chakra is awarded for most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self sacrifice, in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea, or in the air. The decoration may be awarded posthumously.Monetary Allowance: Rs. 3000/- and each bar to the decoration will carry the same amount of monetary allowance as admissible to the original award with effect from 01.01.1996.[Solved] Who among the following is the Param Vir Chakra awardee from
The correct answer is Major Hoshiar Singh. Key Points Major Hoshiar Singh is a Param Vir Chakra awardee coming from the state of Haryana. He was a
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Who among the following is the Param Vir Chakra awardee from Haryana?
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HSSC Female Police Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 19 Sept 2021)
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Roop Chand Major Hoshiar Singh
Hawaldar Lakhmi Chand
Subedar Shivchand Ram
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Option 2 : Major Hoshiar Singh
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The correct answer is Major Hoshiar Singh.
Key PointsMajor Hoshiar Singh is a Param Vir Chakra awardee coming from the state of Haryana.He was awarded the honour during the 1971 Indo-Pak war.
He belonged to the Grenadiers regiment of the Indian army.
Additional InformationParam Vir Chakra (PVC) was instituted on 26 January 1950.It is the highest gallantry honour in India.
It is awarded for most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice, in the presence of an enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
This award can be given posthumously.
It is awarded by the President of India.
So far 21 personnel have been awarded this honour.
The first Param Vir Chakra was awarded to Major Somnath Sharma.
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