which of the following sexually transmitted disease is not completely curable
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Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable ?A) GonorrhoeaB) Genital wartsC) Genital herpesD) Chlamydiasis
Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable ?A) GonorrhoeaB) Genital wartsC) Genital herpesD) Chlamydiasis. Ans: Hint:Diseases or infection which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called se...
Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable ?A) Gonorrhoea B) Genital warts C) Genital herpes D) Chlamydiasis
Last updated date: 11th Mar 2023
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Hint:Diseases or infection which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are collectively called sexually transmitted disease or venereal disease or reproductive tract infections.Complete answer:>Sexually transmitted diseases are a major threat to the health of the society .Therefore prevention or early detection and cure of the disease are given prime consideration under the Reproductive Health Care program.
>Though all persons are vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases there incidents reported to be very high among persons in the age group of 15 to 24 years the age to which most sexually transmitted diseases occur.
>Some common sexually transmitted diseases are : Gonorrhoea , genital warts , genital herpes , chlamydiasis , hepatitis-B and the most discussed infection in recent years , HIV leading to AIDS are some of the sexually transmitted diseases.
>Some infections like hepatitis B and HIV can also be transmitted by sharing injection needles , surgical instruments with infected persons .They can also be transmitted by transfusion of blood or from an infected mother to the foetus .
>Most of the sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable if detected early and treated properly.
But some of the sexually transmitted diseases such as hepatitis-B , genital herpes and HIV infections are not completely curable.
Hence the correct answer is option (C) Note:There are some methods to avoid sexually transmitted disease :>Avoid sex with unknown partners or multiple partners.
>Always use condoms during coitus.
>In case of doubt one should go to a qualified doctor for early detection and get complete treatment if diagnosed with disease.
Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable?
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Question
Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is not completely curable?
AGonorrhoea
BGenital warts
CGenital herpes
DChlamydiasis
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Updated on : 2022-09-05
Solution Verified by Toppr
Correct option is C)
Genital herpes is caused by type-II-herpes simplex virus. At present there is no way to control infection by type II herpes simplex virus and therefore, genital herpes, the disease caused by the virus, cannot be cured. Other non-curable STIs are hepatitis-B and HIV.
So, the correct answer is 'Genital herpes'
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
WHO fact sheet on sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), providing key facts, as a public health issue, infections and transmissions, STIs and women's health, adverse outcomes of pregnancy, HIV, STI syndromes, prevention, vaccination, mother-to-child transmission, WHO response.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
22 August 2022 العربية 中文 Français Русский Español
Key facts
More than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired every day worldwide, the majority of which are asymptomatic.
Each year there are an estimated 374 million new infections with 1 of 4 curable STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis.
More than 500 million people 15–49 years are estimated to have a genital infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV or herpes) (1).
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with over 311 000 cervical cancer deaths each year (2).
Almost 1 million pregnant women were estimated to be infected with syphilis in 2016, resulting in over 350 000 adverse birth outcomes (3).
STIs have a direct impact on sexual and reproductive health through stigmatization, infertility, cancers and pregnancy complications and can increase the risk of HIV.
Drug resistance is a major threat to reducing the burden of STIs worldwide.
Overview
More than 30 different bacteria, viruses and parasites are known to be transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal and oral sex. Some STIs can also be transmitted from mother-to-child during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Eight pathogens are linked to the greatest incidence of STIs. Of these, 4 are currently curable: syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia and trichomoniasis. The other 4 are incurable viral infections: hepatitis B, herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV).
In addition, emerging outbreaks of new infections that can be acquired by sexual contact such as monkeypox, Shigella sonnei, Neisseria meningitidis, Ebola and Zika, as well as re-emergence of neglected STIs such as lymphogranuloma venereum. These herald increasing challenges in the provision of adequate services for STIs prevention and control.
Scope of the problem
STIs have a profound impact on sexual and reproductive health worldwide.
More than 1 million STIs are acquired every day. In 2020, WHO estimated 374 million new infections with 1 of 4 STIs: chlamydia (129 million), gonorrhoea (82 million), syphilis (7.1 million) and trichomoniasis (156 million). More than 490 million people were estimated to be living with genital herpes in 2016, and an estimated 300 million women have an HPV infection, the primary cause of cervical cancer and anal cancer among men who have sex with men. An estimated 296 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B globally.
STIs can have serious consequences beyond the immediate impact of the infection itself.
STIs like herpes, gonorrhoea and syphilis can increase the risk of HIV acquisition.
Mother-to-child transmission of STIs can result in stillbirth, neonatal death, low-birth weight and prematurity, sepsis, neonatal conjunctivitis and congenital deformities.
HPV infection causes cervical and other cancers.
Hepatitis B resulted in an estimated 820 000 deaths in 2019, mostly from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. STIs such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia are major causes of pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in women.
Prevention of STIs
When used correctly and consistently, condoms offer one of the most effective methods of protection against STIs, including HIV. Although highly effective, condoms do not offer protection for STIs that cause extra-genital ulcers (i.e., syphilis or genital herpes). When possible, condoms should be used in all vaginal and anal sex.
Safe and highly effective vaccines are available for 2 viral STIs: hepatitis B and HPV. These vaccines have represented major advances in STI prevention. By the end of 2020, the HPV vaccine had been introduced as part of routine immunization programmes in 111 countries, primarily high- and middle-income countries. To eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem globally, high coverage targets for HPV vaccination, screening and treatment of precancerous lesions, and management of cancer must be reached by 2030 and maintained at this high level for decades.
Research to develop vaccines against genital herpes and HIV is advanced, with several vaccine candidates in early clinical development. There is mounting evidence suggesting that the vaccine to prevent meningitis (MenB) provides some cross-protection against gonorrhoea. More research into vaccines for chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis are needed.
Other biomedical interventions to prevent some STIs include adult voluntary medical male circumcision, microbicides, and partner treatment. There are ongoing trials to evaluate the benefit of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of STIs and their potential safety weighed with antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Diagnosis of STIs
STIs are often asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they can be non-specific. Moreover, laboratory tests rely on blood, urine or anatomical samples. Three anatomical sites can carry at least one STI. These differences are modulated by sex and sexual risk. These differences can mean the diagnosis of STIs is often missed and individuals are frequently treated for 2 or more STIs.
Accurate diagnostic tests for STIs (using molecular technology) are widely used in high-income countries. These are especially useful for the diagnosis of asymptomatic infections. However, they are largely unavailable in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for chlamydia and gonorrhoea. Even in countries where testing is available, it is often expensive and not widely accessible. In addition, the time it takes for results to be received is often long. As a result, follow-up can be impeded and care or treatment can be incomplete.
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